Facts About the Earth

Here are some facts about Earth for information.

• The entire surface area of the Earth is 510,100,500 sq. km, out of which: (Facts About the Earth)

1. 1. The entire land area is 148,950,800 sq. km (29.08% of the entire area) and
   2. The entire water area is 361,149,700 sq. km (70.92%)

• The diameter of the Earth at the Equator is 12,755 km, at the poles 12,712 km, and the mean diameter is 12,734
• Circumference of the Earth at the Equator is 40,075 km and at the poles 40,024 km.
• The equatorial radius of the Earth is 6,377 km.
• The entire mass of the Earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg.
• The Earth is 4,500 million years old (approximate age of the Earth)
• The mean velocity of the Earth in its orbit (around the Sun) is 107,218 km/h.
• The most abundant elements of the Earth are. facts about the Earth

1. 1. Iron (about 32.5%),
   2. Oxygen (29.8%),
   3. Silicon (15.6%), and
   4. Magnesium (13.9%).

facts about the Earth

FACTS OF EARTH MOVEMENT

Structure of Earth

• The Earth has structured into three layers the names are:

1. 1. Crust,
   2. Mantle, and
   3. Core – Further classified as outer core (fluid layer) and inner core (solid layer).

• The Crust is the uppermost layer of the Earth, largely composed of rocks. Its thickness ranges from 5 km to 60 km and density ranges from 2.7 to 3.
• The Crust shares about 1 percent of Earth’s volume.
• The Crust is categorized as ‘Continental Crust’ and ‘Oceanic Crust.’
• The thickness of Continental Crust ranges from 30 km to 50 km. It is largely composed of granites, which density (i.e. 2.7) is lesser than the Oceanic Crust.
• The thickness of Oceanic Crust ranges from 5 km to 10 km and it is composed primarily of basalt, diabase, and gabbro.
• The density of the Oceanic Crust is 3.0.
• The most abundant element of Crust is Oxygen (46.6%) followed by Silicon (27.7%) and Aluminum (8.1%).
• The Crust is also known as ‘Sial’ (i.e. Silicon and Aluminum)
• The boundary between the Crust and the Mantle is known as the “Mohorovičić Discontinuity.”
• The Mantle is located between the Crust and the (Outer) Core, which thickness is about 2885 km.
• The Mantle shares about 83% of the Earth’s volume and about 65% of its mass.
• The density of the Mantle is about 3.4 g/cm3.
• The upper layer of the Mantle is known as the ‘Asthenosphere.’
• The Crust and the upper part of the Mantle are collectively known as the ‘Lithosphere.’
• The Core is mostly composed of iron and nickel; therefore, it is also known as ‘Nife’ (i.e. Nickel and Ferrous).
• The Core shares about 16% of Earth’s total volume and 30% of its mass.
• The thickness of the Core is about 3,400 km from the Mantle (likewise, the total depth from the surface of the Earth is 6,300 km).
• The core is categorized as outer core (which is in a molten state) and inner core (which is in a solid-state).
• The density of the inner core is about 13 g/cm3.

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facts about the Earth facts about the Earth

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